| Scientific Name | In Berlese, De Toni & Fischer, Syll. Fung. (Abellini) 7: 704. 1888. |
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| Synonyms | 3 synonymsPuccinia australis Speg., Anal. Soc. Cient. Argent. 10: 7. 1880 (non Koern, 1876).
Puccinia melothriae F. Stevens, Bot. Gaz. 43: 283. 1907. Puccinia dubia Mayor, Mem. Soc. Neuchatel. Sci. Nat. 5: 482. 1913. |
| Disease | Rust fungus infecting species of Mikania (Asteraceae) |
| Taxonomic Rank | |||
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| Order | Pucciniales | Family | Pucciniaceae |
| Distribution | Widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including experimental releases for biological control in the Pacific, Australia, and India. |
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| Characteristics | Microcyclic rust fungus producing only telial stage. Telia occur in small groups on discolored circular lesions on the abaxial leaf surface, sometimes also opposite on the adaxial surface; individual sori minute, tightly grouped or confluent, subepidermal, erumpent, non-paraphysate, and pale cinnamon-brown. Teliospores two-celled, oblong-ellipsoid to clavate, 35–70 × 13–20 µm, smooth-walled (1 µm thick on sides, 2–4 µm apically), pale yellowish to almost colorless; germ pores apical in the upper cell and septal in the lower; pedicel deciduous, up to 60 µm long. |
| Notes | Puccinia spegazzinii is a microcyclic rust fungus that parasitizes species of Mikania, notably the invasive weed Mikania micrantha. Due to its high host specificity, it has been used as a biological control agent in tropical and subtropical regions, including releases in the Pacific, Australia, and India. Studies confirm its safety for non-target species and effectiveness in suppressing Mikania populations. |
| Economic importance | An important biological control agent for the invasive weed Mikania micrantha, which causes significant ecological and agricultural damage in tropical Asia and the Pacific. |
| References | Anonymous 1960. Index of plant diseases in the United States. Evans HC, Ellison CA. 2005. Mycologia 97: 935–947. Day MD et al. 2011. Proc. Int. Symp. Biol. Control Weeds XIII: 211–217. Day MD, Riding N. 2018. Biol. Control Sci. Technol. 29: 19–27. Kumar PS et al. 2018. Egypt. J. Biol. Pest Control 28: 18. |
GCCAGTTATCCCTGTGGTAACTTTTCTGGCACCTCTAGCTTTAAATTCTAAAGGACTAAAGGATCGATAGGCCACACTTTCATGGTTTGTATTCACACTG AAAATCAAAATCAAGGGGACTTTTACCCTTTTGTTCTACTTGAGATTTCTGTTCTCAATGAGTCCCCCTTAGGACACCTGCGTTATTATTTAACAGATGT GCCGCCCCAGCCAAACTCCCCACCTGACAATGTCTTCAACCCAGATTGGCCTATAAAAGACCTTAATTCTAAAAAGTGGGATGTTAATCCCAGCTCTGCT TCATTGAATAAGTAAAAAGACAATAAAGGTAGTGGTATTTCACTGGCGCTTACGCTCCCACTTATTCTACACCCTCTATGTCTTTTCACAATGTCAAACT AGAGTCAAGCTCAACAGGGTCTTCTTTCCCCGCTGATTCTGCCAAGCCCGTTCCCTTGGCTGTGGTTTCGCTAGATAGTAGATAGGGACAGTGGGAATCT CGTTAATCCATTCATGCGCGTCACTAATTAGATGACGAGGCATTTGGCTACCTTAAGAGAGTCATAGTTACTCCCGCCGTTTACCCGCGCTTGGTTGAAT TTCTTCACTTTGACATTCAGAGCACTGGGCAGAAATCACATTGTGTCAACACCATTTTCTGGCCATCACAATGCTATGTTTTAATTAGACAGTCAGATTC CCCTTGTCCGTTCCAGTTCATAGTTGACAGTTAATTGCTTGCCAGACGCTTTTAAAGGCTGCCCAAAACATCACAATAAAGTTCCATCCAAGTCCGCCAC TAGTTTCCTAGTAGTAGTCCTAGTCAGATCCTTAAAGATCTATTAAGGGCCCAACAAGCCCTGCCCTATGAGCCAATCCTTTTCCCTAAGTTACGGATCT ATTTTGCCGACTTCCCTTATCTACATTATTCTATTGACCAGAGGCTGATCACCTTGGGGACCTGATGCGGATATTGGTACAGTTGGGTACAAGACTTTTT CAATCCCTTGGTTTTTCAAGGATCCTCAAGGACACACCAGACTTTACAGAGGTGTAAAGCTCTACCAATCATTAAACCCTATCTCCAAATAATTTGCTTC CAGGGTTTCAGATTGTTAAGGAGAAAAGAAAACTCTTCCTGGGGCCCTTGCAGATGTCACCAAGTTCATATATGTTACCATTCAAAATCTGTATCCCAGT TGTAGAATTTTAACTACATTCCCTTTCAATAGGTGATGCTAACAAGAGCATACTTTAAAACAGACTTTCCCTATCTTTTAGGACTGACTAACCCATGTCC AACTACTGTGACCATGGAACCCTTCCCCACTTCAGTCTTCAAGGTTCTCACTTGAATATTTGCTACTTCCACCAAGATCTGCACTAGAGGCTGTTTCACT CAGCATCACTGCTAAAGCTTCAATACAAAACCCCCACGCCTGCCTACTCATTAATATTTTAAATAATATTAATGGCAAGGTATAGGTAATACACTTAAGC GCCATCCATTTTCAGGGCTAGTTCATTCGGCCGTTGAGTTGTTACACACTCCTTAGCGGATTCCGACTTCCATGGCCACCGTGCGGCTGTCTAGATGAAC TAACACCTTTTGTGGTGTCTCATGAGTGTATATTCTGGCACCTTAACCTTGCGTTCGGTTCATCCCGCATCGCCAGTTCTGCTTACCAAAAATGGCCCAC TAGAGACTCTCATTCAAATTCCCAAGTTCAATTAAGAAACAGGGGTATCTTACATATTTAAAGTTTGAGAATAGGTTAAGGATGTTTCATCCCCAAGGCC TCTAATCATTCGCTTTACCTCATAAAACTGATGTGAGTCTCTGCTATCCTGAGGGAAACTTCGGCAGGAACCAGCTACTAGATGGTTCGATTAGTCTTTC GCCCCTATACCCAAATTTGACAATCGATTTGCACGTCAGAACTGCTACGAGCTTCCACCAGAGTTTCCTCTGGCTTCACCCTATTCAGGCATAGTTCACC ATCTTTCGGGTCCCAACATACTTGCTCTTACTCAGTACCATCATATAAATAATCTGGACTGGTCAATGGTGCACTTTTTACAGATCCCATTTACATTCAC TTTCATTACGCATAAGGGTTTTAACACCCAAATACTCGCAAGCATGTTAGACTCCTTGGTCCGTGTTTCAAGACGGGTCATTTAAAGCTATTATACCAAC ATCCTCAATAAGAAAAACATTAATTTGTTTTACCAAATAAATGGCTTATTGCGATCCTCAATCTTAAACATTGTATCAAATTTAAGGATTATAACACAGC CTAAACTGTAACATCTCCAAAAACCTTCTCCAACATTCAAAGATTGATGTTGGTCTGTTAATCATTAGAATACACCTTTAAAAAAGTTGAACTAACAATA ACAAGTCTAACTTCAAATGTTTCCCTTTTAACAATTTCACGTACTGTTAACTCTCTTTCCAAAGTTCTTTTCATCTTTCCCTCACGGTACTTGTTTGCTA TCGGTCTCTCACCTATATTTAGCCTTAGATGGAATTTACCACCCACTTTGAGCTGCATTCCCAAACAACTCGACTCTTAGAGACTGTATCATATAGTACT ACTTATCCATTCCATAAACGGGATTATCACCCTCAATGATGCTGTTTTCCAACAGACTTATAAATGGGGTAGCACAGAAAACAGCTCTTCAAATTACAAC TCGGACTCTAAAAGAGCCAGATTACAAATTTGGGCTTTTCCCTCTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAGGGGAATCCTTGTTAGTTTCTTTTCCTCTGCTTATTGAT ATGCTTAAGTTCAGCAGGTAG
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GCCAGTTATCCCTGTGGTAACTTTTCTGGCACCTCTAGCTTTAAATTCTAAAGGACTAAAGGATCGATAGGCCACACTTTCATGGTTTGTATTCACACTG AAAATCAAAATCAAGGGGACTTTTACCCTTTTGTTCTACTTGAGATTTCTGTTCTCAATGAGTCCCCCTTAGGACACCTGCGTTATTATTTAACAGATGT GCCGCCCCAGCCAAACTCCCCACCTGACAATGTCTTCAACCCAGATTGGCCTATAAAAGACCTTAATTCTAAAAAGTGGGATGTTAATCCCAGCTCTGCT TCATTGAATAAGTAAAAAGACAATAAAGGTAGTGGTATTTCACTGGCGCTTACGCTCCCACTTATTCTACACCCTCTATGTCTTTTCACAATGTCAAACT AGAGTCAAGCTCAACAGGGTCTTCTTTCCCCGCTGATTCTGCCAAGCCCGTTCCCTTGGCTGTGGTTTCGCTAGATAGTAGATAGGGACAGTGGGAATCT CGTTAATCCATTCATGCGCGTCACTAATTAGATGACGAGGCATTTGGCTACCTTAAGAGAGTCATAGTTACTCCCGCCGTTTACCCGCGCTTGGTTGAAT TTCTTCACTTTGACATTCAGAGCACTGGGCAGAAATCACATTGTGTCAACACCATTTTCTGGCCATCACAATGCTATGTTTTAATTAGACAGTCAGATTC CCCTTGTCCGTTCCAGTTCATAGTTGACAGTTAATTGCTTGCCAGACGCTTTTAAAGGCTGCCCAAAACATCACAATAAAGTTCCATCCAAGTCCGCCAC TAGTTTCCTAGTAGTAGTCCTAGTCAGATCCTTAAAGATCTATTAAGGGCCCAACAAGCCCTGCCCTATGAGCCAATCCTTTTCCCTAAGTTACGGATCT ATTTTGCCGACTTCCCTTATCTACATTATTCTATTGACCAGAGGCTGATCACCTTGGGGACCTGATGCGGATATTGGTACAGTTGGGTACAAGACTTTTT CAATCCCTTGGTTTTTCAAGGATCCTCAAGGACACACCAGACTTTACAGAGGTGTAAAGCTCTACCAATCATTAAACCCTATCTCCAAATAATTTGCTTC CAGGGTTTCAGATTGTTAAGGAGAAAAGAAAACTCTTCCTGGGGCCCTTGCAGATGTCACCAAGTTCATATATGTTACCATTCAAAATCTGTATCCCAGT TGTAGAATTTTAACTACATTCCCTTTCAATAGGTGATGCTAACAAGAGCATACTTTAAAACAGACTTTCCCTATCTTTTAGGACTGACTAACCCATGTCC AACTACTGTGACCATGGAACCCTTCCCCACTTCAGTCTTCAAGGTTCTCACTTGAATATTTGCTACTTCCACCAAGATCTGCACTAGAGGCTGTTTCACT CAGCATCACTGCTAAAGCTTCAATACAAAACCCCCACGCCTGCCTACTCATTAATATTTTAAATAATATTAATGGCAAGGTATAGGTAATACACTTAAGC GCCATCCATTTTCAGGGCTAGTTCATTCGGCCGTTGAGTTGTTACACACTCCTTAGCGGATTCCGACTTCCATGGCCACCGTGCGGCTGTCTAGATGAAC TAACACCTTTTGTGGTGTCTCATGAGTGTATATTCTGGCACCTTAACCTTGCGTTCGGTTCATCCCGCATCGCCAGTTCTGCTTACCAAAAATGGCCCAC TAGAGACTCTCATTCAAATTCCCAAGTTCAATTAAGAAACAGGGGTATCTTACATATTTAAAGTTTGAGAATAGGTTAAGGATGTTTCATCCCCAAGGCC TCTAATCATTCGCTTTACCTCATAAAACTGATGTGAGTCTCTGCTATCCTGAGGGAAACTTCGGCAGGAACCAGCTACTAGATGGTTCGATTAGTCTTTC GCCCCTATACCCAAATTTGACAATCGATTTGCACGTCAGAACTGCTACGAGCTTCCACCAGAGTTTCCTCTGGCTTCACCCTATTCAGGCATAGTTCACC ATCTTTCGGGTCCCAACATACTTGCTCTTACTCAGTACCATCATATAAATAATCTGGACTGGTCAATGGTGCACTTTTTACAGATCCCATTTACATTCAC TTTCATTACGCATAAGGGTTTTAACACCCAAATACTCGCAAGCATGTTAGACTCCTTGGTCCGTGTTTCAAGACGGGTCATTTAAAGCTATTATACCAAC ATCCTCAATAAGAAAAACATTAATTTGTTTTACCAAATAAATGGCTTATTGCGATCCTCAATCTTAAACATTGTATCAAATTTAAGGATTATAACACAGC CTAAACTGTAACATCTCCAAAAACCTTCTCCAACATTCAAAGATTGATGTTGGTCTGTTAATCATTAGAATACACCTTTAAAAAAGTTGAACTAACAATA ACAAGTCTAACTTCAAATGTTTCCCTTTTAACAATTTCACGTACTGTTAACTCTCTTTCCAAAGTTCTTTTCATCTTTCCCTCACGGTACTTGTTTGCTA TCGGTCTCTCACCTATATTTAGCCTTAGATGGAATTTACCACCCACTTTGAGCTGCATTCCCAAACAACTCGACTCTTAGAGACTGTATCATATAGTACT ACTTATCCATTCCATAAACGGGATTATCACCCTCAATGATGCTGTTTTCCAACAGACTTATAAATGGGGTAGCACAGAAAACAGCTCTTCAAATTACAAC TCGGACTCTAAAAGAGCCAGATTACAAATTTGGGCTTTTCCCTCTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAGGGGAATCCTTGTTAGTTTCTTTTCCTCTGCTTATTGAT ATGCTTAAGTTCAGCAGGTAG
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